Regulation (EU) No 1151/2012 on quality schemes for agricultural products and foodstuffs1 came into force on 3 January 2013, repealing and replacing Regulations (EC) Nos 509/20062 and 510/2006.3 It merges into a single legislative instrument the three complementary regimes of Geographical Indications (GIs or PDOs/PGIs), Traditional Specialities Guaranteed (TSGs) and the new Optional Quality Terms (OQTs). Moreover, the new Regulation establishes a unified legal structure designed to regulate certain general aspects common to GIs and TSGs (Title I and Title V) such as definitions, controls and procedures. This article analyzes the new legislation with a view of evaluating how it responds to the expectations and criticism that emerged during the reform process. The study is limited to the substantial innovations with the aim of assessing whether Regulation No 1151/2012 meets the proclaimed objectives and to determine where and how it could be improved in the near future.