Following the publication of EFSA’s draft scientific opinion on the safety of caffeine in January 2015, a web-based written public consultation, and a public stakeholder meeting, the final opinion was published on 27 May 2015. The final version of the opinion includes several clarifications and provides a clearer structure compared to the draft. However, the main findings have remained unchanged with the exception of reducing the daily safe level for breast-feeding women from 400 to 200 mg. The opinion is the most up-to-date safety assessment for caffeine worldwide and confirms previous safety assessments of other institutions, and hence should serve as a helpful tool for policy makers. It will also serve as the scientific basis for risk managers to consider options for finally approving the five pending health claims for caffeine which could already be made in the past eight years benefitting from the transitional measures in the European Health Claims Regulation. Therefore, it can be expected that the final authorisation of the caffeine claims will not result in a significant increase of products in the market bearing health claims for caffeine.